1. Alkaline Electrolyzer (ALK) Low cost: The material is mainly nickel based, and the equipment investment is 30% -50% lower than PEM. High stability: suitable for continuous operation, tolerant to some impurities (such as CO ₂).

2. PEM Electrolyzer Efficient and flexible: fast start stop, adaptable to fluctuating renewable energy sources (wind power, photovoltaics). High purity hydrogen: No need for backend purification, directly meeting the needs of fuel cells.

3. Solid Oxide Electrolyzer (SOEC) Ultra high efficiency: By utilizing high-temperature waste heat, electricity demand is reduced by 30% -40%. Multi fuel application: Can electrolyze H ₂ O/CO ₂ mixture to produce Syngas.

1. Green hydrogen production: Renewable energy hydrogen production (such as photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production stations). Industrial by-product hydrogen purification (recovery of coke oven gas from steel mills).

2. Chemical and metallurgical industries: Synthetic ammonia and methanol (replacing fossil fuels for hydrogen production). Metal oxide electrolytic reduction (such as aluminum and titanium refining).

3. Energy storage and transportation: Power to Gas technology for power grid regulation. Hydrogen production on-site at the refueling station (PEM electrolysis cell integration).

4. Research and Special Fields: Space station life support system (water electrolysis oxygen supply). Nuclear high-temperature electrolysis (SOEC coupled fourth generation reactor).

1. Zero carbon emissions: When using renewable energy, the carbon footprint throughout the entire lifecycle approaches zero.

2. Modular expansion: Single stack power coverage of 1MW-100MW, supporting flexible expansion.

3. High compatibility: Suitable for wind/photovoltaic fluctuation input (PEM response speed ≤ 1 second).

4. Low operating costs: The energy consumption of the alkaline electrolysis cell is ≤ 4.5 kWh/Nm ³ H ₂, and the PEM is ≤ 5.0 kWh/Nm ³ H ₂.